Firam ɗin Cinema

1- Bayyana manufar bincike

Za mu iya fara aikin tare da tambaya mai sauƙi game da fassarar. Fim ɗin ba shi da magana kuma ba a bayyana dabbobi sosai ba. To ta yaya za mu fahimci cikakkun bayanai game da aikin, manufar haruffa? Kuma ta yaya tunanin mai kallo ke tasowa? Don haka za mu mai da hankali kan kayan aikin da za su ba da damar a gefe guda fahimtar yanayin labarin da aka bayar da kuma a gefe guda ƙirƙirar motsin rai. Yayin da muke ƙoƙarin mayar da hankali kan hotuna, za mu iya farawa da sabon kallo ba tare da sauti ba, tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin.

2- Kalmomin cinema na yanzu

Kafin fara nazarin fim ɗin kansa, yana da amfani don gabatar da ra'ayoyin da aka saba amfani da su don bayyana hotuna. Za mu ayyana ta wannan hanya:

• Firam, a matsayin yanke (zabi) a cikin abin da muke so mu nuna, da kuma waje na firam, abin da aka ba da shawara amma ba a nuna a cikin firam ba. Za mu iya yin kwatanci tare da zane-zane, daukar hoto, zane.
• Hoton a matsayin naúrar fim ɗin na ɗan lokaci kuma a matsayin "firam wanda ke daɗe na ɗan lokaci" (ba mu buƙatar magance tambayoyin haɗi da gyarawa)
• Ma'auni daban-daban na harbi (babban harbi, harbi mai tsayi, matsakaicin harbi, harbin Amurka, kusanci, kusa, kusanci sosai), kowane ma'aunin da ya dace da takamaiman alaƙa tsakanin saiti da haruffa, wanda ke wasa akan fahimta da bayyana abin da aka nuna.
• Matsayin kamara da motsi (tafiya, kunnawa, zuƙowa, babban kusurwa / ƙaramin kusurwa) azaman hanyar adanawa ko haɓaka wani takamaiman firam, na gabatar da wani ji.
• Yiwuwa wasu alkaluman gyare-gyare da aka yi amfani da su a cikin fim ɗin: harbi/harbin juzu'i (saɓanin ra'ayoyi biyu daga saɓani biyu da ke ba da damar kwatanta ra'ayi biyu) da narke (wanda aka fi amfani da shi anan azaman ellipse).

3-Yi amfani da kayan aikin akan jerin da aka zaɓa na fim ɗin

Motsa jiki ya ƙunshi tambayar yara su dace da hotuna daga fim ɗin da abubuwan da aka gabatar a baya, don wasu jerin zaɓaɓɓu. Kowane jeri yana kunshe da takamaiman adadin harbi wanda dole ne a siffanta ta ta sake amfani da ƙamus da aka rufe.

Ana iya tambayar su don yin aiki a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na 2 ko 3 a kan takaddun tambayoyin da aka riga aka kafa tare da hotuna masu kwatanta tsare-tsaren daban-daban, ko kuma su shiga tare a cikin "yanke" tsare-tsaren, suna tattauna hotuna da aka tsara. A cikin wannan yanayin na biyu, su kansu suna iya wakiltar shirin a zane (a kan takardun tambayoyin da ba komai) don fassara ma'aunin shirin.

Lokacin da ba za a iya amfani da ƙamus daidai ko lokacin da suka yi shakka ba, ana gayyatar yara su lura da wannan shakku da matsalar da ta taso a can.

Jerin shawarwarin sune:

• Jerin gabatarwar halayen (0'00'' - 0'35'' - 6 hotuna)
• Yawo a cikin daji da bayyanar lemur (1'40 '' - 2'25 - 12 Shots).
• Farkawa da tafiya (4'03 "-4'49 - 5 Shots).
• Haɗin da ya gaza (5'16-5'37 - 4 Shots).
• Harin kada (5'34-6'38 "- 20 Shots).
• Jirgin gaba har sai dutsen ya faɗi (6'39-7'04 - 12 Shots).

4-Tattaunawa akan tsarar tsarin

Daga takardun da suka gabata, yara za su kwatanta zabin su kuma su tattauna tambayoyin tsarawa, wato zaɓin wata fasaha ta hanyar fahimta da bayyanawa: ta yaya wannan zai taimaka wajen fahimtar abin da ke faruwa? wane motsin rai ne wannan ya tayar? Wannan mataki yana faruwa ne ta hanyar tattaunawa ta gama-gari, wanda malami ke jagoranta.

A wannan lokaci, yana iya zama da amfani a tuna cewa ƙamus ɗin da aka gabatar an tsara shi ne don bayyana silima: halayen ɗan adam, wanda aka yi fim tare da kyamarar gaske. Saboda haka akwai wani priori wani rashin isa ga wannan fim, zane mai ban dariya da ke gabatar da dabbobi. Musamman ma, ana yin ma'aunin harbi kusa don nuna motsin zuciyarmu a kan fuska, wanda ya sami iyaka a cikin yanayinmu. Wannan wata dama ce ta nuna cewa nau'i da fasahohin kafofin watsa labaru kamar cinema suna samar da lambobin da ke jagorantar fassarar, lambobin waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a nan.

Don tattaunawa game da bayyanar da al'amuran, hanyar da aka ba da shawarar motsin zuciyarmu a cikin haruffa da masu kallo, watsawa ko amsawa gare su, zamu iya gabatar da ƙarin kayan aiki. Za mu iya tambayar kanmu menene matsayin mai da hankali kan kowane jirgin sama. Kallon wane ne hoton? Don sauƙaƙe, za mu iya bambanta lokuta guda biyu: ta haka za a iya tsara hoton kamar yadda mai shaida ya gani a waje da labarin ("waje" mayar da hankali), ko akasin haka ta ɗaya daga cikin haruffa ("subjective"). Wannan zai taimaka don ƙarin fahimtar harbe-harbe inda aka nuna tsoro ta hanyar firam waɗanda suke kama da wani hali a wajen firam ɗin wanda har yanzu ba mu haɗu da leƙen asirin giwar jaririn ba. Wannan shi ne ginin asymmetry na kallo, inda mai kallo ba shi da lahani, kamar yadda hali yake. Wani yana kallon halin, yana shirin yin hulɗa da shi, amma har yanzu ba mu san ko wanene ba.

5-Karfafa nasarori da fadadawa

A ƙarshe, ana gayyatar yaran da su zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin jerin abubuwan da aka yi nazari da su kuma su yi la'akari da tunaninsu don buga misalan al'amuran da shirye-shiryen suka yi kama da su. Misalan da aka kawo suna iya fitowa daga silima (fim, zane mai ban dariya), talabijin (bidiyon kiɗa, talla), wasan ban dariya, ko ma adabi. Ana iya ba su wannan aikin su yi a gida, na tsawon mako guda, misali. Dole ne su ba da takamaiman bayanin tushen kuma su bayyana yanayin da ake magana a kai, da kuma dalilan da ya sa suka fahimci kwatanci a cikin tsararru. Kamar yadda zai iya zama mai rikitarwa don samun damar nuna jeri a zahiri, dole ne su bayyana shi daidai a rubuce, don haka sake amfani da ƙamus da aka gabatar.